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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.28;

import {UERC20Superchain} from "../tokens/UERC20Superchain.sol";
import {IUERC20SuperchainFactory} from "../interfaces/IUERC20SuperchainFactory.sol";
import {ITokenFactory} from "../interfaces/ITokenFactory.sol";
import {UERC20Metadata} from "../libraries/UERC20MetadataLibrary.sol";
import {Create2} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Create2.sol";

/// @title UERC20SuperchainFactory
/// @notice Deploys new UERC20Superchain contracts
contract UERC20SuperchainFactory is IUERC20SuperchainFactory {
    /// @dev Parameters stored transiently for token initialization
    Parameters private parameters;

    /// @inheritdoc IUERC20SuperchainFactory
    function getUERC20SuperchainAddress(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        uint8 decimals,
        uint256 homeChainId,
        address creator,
        bytes32 graffiti
    ) external view returns (address) {
        bytes32 salt = keccak256(abi.encode(name, symbol, decimals, homeChainId, creator, graffiti));
        bytes32 initCodeHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(type(UERC20Superchain).creationCode));
        return Create2.computeAddress(salt, initCodeHash, address(this));
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IUERC20SuperchainFactory
    function getParameters() external view returns (Parameters memory) {
        return parameters;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc ITokenFactory
    function createToken(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        uint8 decimals,
        uint256 totalSupply,
        address recipient,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes32 graffiti
    ) external returns (address tokenAddress) {
        (uint256 homeChainId, address creator, UERC20Metadata memory metadata) =
            abi.decode(data, (uint256, address, UERC20Metadata));

        // Check validity only on home chain
        if (block.chainid == homeChainId) {
            // Only the creator can deploy a token on the home chain
            if (msg.sender != creator) {
                revert NotCreator(msg.sender, creator);
            }
            if (recipient == address(0)) {
                revert RecipientCannotBeZeroAddress();
            }
            if (totalSupply == 0) {
                revert TotalSupplyCannotBeZero();
            }
        }

        // Compute salt based on the core parameters that define a token's identity
        bytes32 salt = keccak256(abi.encode(name, symbol, decimals, homeChainId, creator, graffiti));

        // Clear metadata if the token is not on the home chain
        // Metadata is only stored on the home chain
        if (block.chainid != homeChainId) {
            metadata.description = "";
            metadata.website = "";
            metadata.image = "";
        }

        // Store parameters transiently for token to access during construction
        parameters = Parameters({
            name: name,
            symbol: symbol,
            totalSupply: totalSupply,
            homeChainId: homeChainId,
            recipient: recipient,
            decimals: decimals,
            creator: creator,
            metadata: metadata,
            graffiti: graffiti
        });

        // Deploy the token with the computed salt
        tokenAddress = address(new UERC20Superchain{salt: salt}());

        // Clear parameters after deployment
        delete parameters;

        emit TokenCreated(tokenAddress);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.28;

import {ERC20} from "@solady/src/tokens/ERC20.sol";
import {BaseUERC20} from "../tokens/BaseUERC20.sol";
import {IUERC20SuperchainFactory} from "../interfaces/IUERC20SuperchainFactory.sol";
import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC7802, IERC165} from "@optimism/interfaces/L2/IERC7802.sol";
import {Predeploys} from "@optimism/src/libraries/Predeploys.sol";
import {IERC20Permit} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";

/// @title UERC20Superchain
/// @notice ERC20 token contract that is Superchain interop compatible
contract UERC20Superchain is BaseUERC20, IERC7802 {
    /// @dev The address of the Superchain Token Bridge (0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000028)
    address public constant SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE = Predeploys.SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE;

    /// @dev The chain where totalSupply is minted and metadata is stored
    uint256 public immutable homeChainId;

    /// @notice Thrown when the caller is not the Superchain Token Bridge
    error NotSuperchainTokenBridge(address sender, address bridge);

    /// @notice Thrown when the recipient is the zero address
    error RecipientCannotBeZeroAddress();

    constructor() {
        IUERC20SuperchainFactory.Parameters memory params = IUERC20SuperchainFactory(msg.sender).getParameters();

        _name = params.name;
        _nameHash = keccak256(bytes(_name));
        _symbol = params.symbol;
        _decimals = params.decimals;
        homeChainId = params.homeChainId;
        creator = params.creator;
        graffiti = params.graffiti;
        metadata = params.metadata;

        // Mint tokens only on the home chain to ensure the total supply remains consistent across all chains
        if (block.chainid == params.homeChainId) {
            _mint(params.recipient, params.totalSupply);
        }
    }

    /// @notice Reverts if the caller is not the Superchain Token Bridge
    modifier onlySuperchainTokenBridge() {
        if (msg.sender != Predeploys.SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE) {
            revert NotSuperchainTokenBridge(msg.sender, Predeploys.SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE);
        }
        _;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC7802
    function crosschainMint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external onlySuperchainTokenBridge {
        if (_to == address(0)) {
            revert RecipientCannotBeZeroAddress();
        }
        _mint(_to, _amount);

        emit CrosschainMint(_to, _amount, msg.sender);
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC7802
    function crosschainBurn(address _from, uint256 _amount) external onlySuperchainTokenBridge {
        _burn(_from, _amount);

        emit CrosschainBurn(_from, _amount, msg.sender);
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC165
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 _interfaceId) public view virtual override(BaseUERC20, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return super.supportsInterface(_interfaceId) || _interfaceId == type(IERC7802).interfaceId;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {UERC20Metadata} from "../libraries/UERC20MetadataLibrary.sol";
import {ITokenFactory} from "./ITokenFactory.sol";

/// @title IUERC20SuperchainFactory
/// @notice Interface for the UERC20SuperchainFactory contract
interface IUERC20SuperchainFactory is ITokenFactory {
    /// @notice Parameters struct to be used by the UERC20Superchain during construction
    struct Parameters {
        uint256 totalSupply;
        uint256 homeChainId;
        bytes32 graffiti;
        address recipient;
        address creator;
        uint8 decimals;
        string name;
        string symbol;
        UERC20Metadata metadata;
    }

    /// @notice Thrown when the caller is not the creator in the initial deployment of a token
    error NotCreator(address sender, address creator);

    /// @notice Computes the deterministic address for a token based on its core parameters
    /// @param name The name of the token
    /// @param symbol The symbol of the token
    /// @param decimals The number of decimals the token uses
    /// @param homeChainId The hub chain ID of the token
    /// @param creator The creator of the token
    /// @param graffiti Additional data needed to compute the salt
    /// @return The deterministic address of the token
    function getUERC20SuperchainAddress(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        uint8 decimals,
        uint256 homeChainId,
        address creator,
        bytes32 graffiti
    ) external view returns (address);

    /// @notice Gets the parameters for token initialization
    /// @return The parameters structure with all token initialization data
    function getParameters() external view returns (Parameters memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @title ITokenFactory
/// @notice Generic interface for a token factory.
interface ITokenFactory {
    /// @notice Emitted when a new token is created
    event TokenCreated(address tokenAddress);

    /// @notice Thrown when the recipient is the zero address
    error RecipientCannotBeZeroAddress();

    /// @notice Thrown when the initial supply is zero
    error TotalSupplyCannotBeZero();

    /// @notice Creates a new token contract
    /// @param name          The ERC20-style name of the token.
    /// @param symbol        The ERC20-style symbol of the token.
    /// @param decimals      The number of decimal places for the token.
    /// @param initialSupply The initial supply to mint upon creation.
    /// @param recipient     The recipient of the initial supply.
    /// @param data          Additional factory-specific data required for token creation.
    /// @param graffiti      Additional data to be included in the token's salt
    /// @return tokenAddress The address of the newly created token.
    function createToken(
        string calldata name,
        string calldata symbol,
        uint8 decimals,
        uint256 initialSupply,
        address recipient,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes32 graffiti
    ) external returns (address tokenAddress);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {Base64} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Base64.sol";
import {Strings} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";

struct UERC20Metadata {
    string description;
    string website;
    string image;
}

/// @title UERC20MetadataLibrary
/// @notice Library for generating base64 encoded JSON token metadata
/// @dev If no fields are provided, returns an empty JSON object.
library UERC20MetadataLibrary {
    using Strings for *;

    /// @notice Generates a base64 encoded JSON string of the token metadata
    /// @param metadata The token metadata
    /// @return The base64 encoded JSON string
    function toJSON(UERC20Metadata memory metadata) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked("data:application/json;base64,", Base64.encode(displayMetadata(metadata))));
    }

    /// @notice Generates an abi encoded JSON string of the token metadata
    /// @param metadata The token metadata
    /// @return The abi encoded JSON string
    function displayMetadata(UERC20Metadata memory metadata) private pure returns (bytes memory) {
        bytes memory json = abi.encodePacked("{");
        bool hasField;

        if (bytes(metadata.description).length > 0) {
            json = abi.encodePacked(json, '"description":"', metadata.description.escapeJSON(), '"');
            hasField = true;
        }
        if (bytes(metadata.website).length > 0) {
            if (hasField) json = abi.encodePacked(json, ", ");
            json = abi.encodePacked(json, '"website":"', metadata.website.escapeJSON(), '"');
            hasField = true;
        }
        if (bytes(metadata.image).length > 0) {
            if (hasField) json = abi.encodePacked(json, ", ");
            json = abi.encodePacked(json, '"image":"', metadata.image.escapeJSON(), '"');
        }

        return abi.encodePacked(json, "}");
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Create2.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Errors} from "./Errors.sol";

/**
 * @dev Helper to make usage of the `CREATE2` EVM opcode easier and safer.
 * `CREATE2` can be used to compute in advance the address where a smart
 * contract will be deployed, which allows for interesting new mechanisms known
 * as 'counterfactual interactions'.
 *
 * See the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1014#motivation[EIP] for more
 * information.
 */
library Create2 {
    /**
     * @dev There's no code to deploy.
     */
    error Create2EmptyBytecode();

    /**
     * @dev Deploys a contract using `CREATE2`. The address where the contract
     * will be deployed can be known in advance via {computeAddress}.
     *
     * The bytecode for a contract can be obtained from Solidity with
     * `type(contractName).creationCode`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `bytecode` must not be empty.
     * - `salt` must have not been used for `bytecode` already.
     * - the factory must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - if `amount` is non-zero, `bytecode` must have a `payable` constructor.
     */
    function deploy(uint256 amount, bytes32 salt, bytes memory bytecode) internal returns (address addr) {
        if (address(this).balance < amount) {
            revert Errors.InsufficientBalance(address(this).balance, amount);
        }
        if (bytecode.length == 0) {
            revert Create2EmptyBytecode();
        }
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            addr := create2(amount, add(bytecode, 0x20), mload(bytecode), salt)
            // if no address was created, and returndata is not empty, bubble revert
            if and(iszero(addr), not(iszero(returndatasize()))) {
                let p := mload(0x40)
                returndatacopy(p, 0, returndatasize())
                revert(p, returndatasize())
            }
        }
        if (addr == address(0)) {
            revert Errors.FailedDeployment();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address where a contract will be stored if deployed via {deploy}. Any change in the
     * `bytecodeHash` or `salt` will result in a new destination address.
     */
    function computeAddress(bytes32 salt, bytes32 bytecodeHash) internal view returns (address) {
        return computeAddress(salt, bytecodeHash, address(this));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address where a contract will be stored if deployed via {deploy} from a contract located at
     * `deployer`. If `deployer` is this contract's address, returns the same value as {computeAddress}.
     */
    function computeAddress(bytes32 salt, bytes32 bytecodeHash, address deployer) internal pure returns (address addr) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let ptr := mload(0x40) // Get free memory pointer

            // |                   | ↓ ptr ...  ↓ ptr + 0x0B (start) ...  ↓ ptr + 0x20 ...  ↓ ptr + 0x40 ...   |
            // |-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // | bytecodeHash      |                                                        CCCCCCCCCCCCC...CC |
            // | salt              |                                      BBBBBBBBBBBBB...BB                   |
            // | deployer          | 000000...0000AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...AA                                     |
            // | 0xFF              |            FF                                                             |
            // |-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // | memory            | 000000...00FFAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...AABBBBBBBBBBBBB...BBCCCCCCCCCCCCC...CC |
            // | keccak(start, 85) |            ↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑ |

            mstore(add(ptr, 0x40), bytecodeHash)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x20), salt)
            mstore(ptr, deployer) // Right-aligned with 12 preceding garbage bytes
            let start := add(ptr, 0x0b) // The hashed data starts at the final garbage byte which we will set to 0xff
            mstore8(start, 0xff)
            addr := and(keccak256(start, 85), 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/// @notice Simple ERC20 + EIP-2612 implementation.
/// @author Solady (https://github.com/vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC20.sol)
/// @author Modified from Solmate (https://github.com/transmissions11/solmate/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC20.sol)
/// @author Modified from OpenZeppelin (https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)
///
/// @dev Note:
/// - The ERC20 standard allows minting and transferring to and from the zero address,
///   minting and transferring zero tokens, as well as self-approvals.
///   For performance, this implementation WILL NOT revert for such actions.
///   Please add any checks with overrides if desired.
/// - The `permit` function uses the ecrecover precompile (0x1).
///
/// If you are overriding:
/// - NEVER violate the ERC20 invariant:
///   the total sum of all balances must be equal to `totalSupply()`.
/// - Check that the overridden function is actually used in the function you want to
///   change the behavior of. Much of the code has been manually inlined for performance.
abstract contract ERC20 {
    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                       CUSTOM ERRORS                        */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev The total supply has overflowed.
    error TotalSupplyOverflow();

    /// @dev The allowance has overflowed.
    error AllowanceOverflow();

    /// @dev The allowance has underflowed.
    error AllowanceUnderflow();

    /// @dev Insufficient balance.
    error InsufficientBalance();

    /// @dev Insufficient allowance.
    error InsufficientAllowance();

    /// @dev The permit is invalid.
    error InvalidPermit();

    /// @dev The permit has expired.
    error PermitExpired();

    /// @dev The allowance of Permit2 is fixed at infinity.
    error Permit2AllowanceIsFixedAtInfinity();

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                           EVENTS                           */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens is transferred from `from` to `to`.
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount);

    /// @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens is approved by `owner` to be used by `spender`.
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 amount);

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Transfer(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef;

    /// @dev `keccak256(bytes("Approval(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    uint256 private constant _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0x8c5be1e5ebec7d5bd14f71427d1e84f3dd0314c0f7b2291e5b200ac8c7c3b925;

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                          STORAGE                           */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev The storage slot for the total supply.
    uint256 private constant _TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT = 0x05345cdf77eb68f44c;

    /// @dev The balance slot of `owner` is given by:
    /// ```
    ///     mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
    ///     mstore(0x00, owner)
    ///     let balanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
    /// ```
    uint256 private constant _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED = 0x87a211a2;

    /// @dev The allowance slot of (`owner`, `spender`) is given by:
    /// ```
    ///     mstore(0x20, spender)
    ///     mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
    ///     mstore(0x00, owner)
    ///     let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
    /// ```
    uint256 private constant _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED = 0x7f5e9f20;

    /// @dev The nonce slot of `owner` is given by:
    /// ```
    ///     mstore(0x0c, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED)
    ///     mstore(0x00, owner)
    ///     let nonceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
    /// ```
    uint256 private constant _NONCES_SLOT_SEED = 0x38377508;

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                         CONSTANTS                          */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev `(_NONCES_SLOT_SEED << 16) | 0x1901`.
    uint256 private constant _NONCES_SLOT_SEED_WITH_SIGNATURE_PREFIX = 0x383775081901;

    /// @dev `keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)")`.
    bytes32 private constant _DOMAIN_TYPEHASH =
        0x8b73c3c69bb8fe3d512ecc4cf759cc79239f7b179b0ffacaa9a75d522b39400f;

    /// @dev `keccak256("1")`.
    /// If you need to use a different version, override `_versionHash`.
    bytes32 private constant _DEFAULT_VERSION_HASH =
        0xc89efdaa54c0f20c7adf612882df0950f5a951637e0307cdcb4c672f298b8bc6;

    /// @dev `keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)")`.
    bytes32 private constant _PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
        0x6e71edae12b1b97f4d1f60370fef10105fa2faae0126114a169c64845d6126c9;

    /// @dev The canonical Permit2 address.
    /// For signature-based allowance granting for single transaction ERC20 `transferFrom`.
    /// Enabled by default. To disable, override `_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()`.
    /// [Github](https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2)
    /// [Etherscan](https://etherscan.io/address/0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3)
    address internal constant _PERMIT2 = 0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3;

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                       ERC20 METADATA                       */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Returns the name of the token.
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory);

    /// @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory);

    /// @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                           ERC20                            */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := sload(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT)
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `owner`.
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, owner)
            result := sload(keccak256(0x0c, 0x20))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the amount of tokens that `spender` can spend on behalf of `owner`.
    function allowance(address owner, address spender)
        public
        view
        virtual
        returns (uint256 result)
    {
        if (_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()) {
            if (spender == _PERMIT2) return type(uint256).max;
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x20, spender)
            mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, owner)
            result := sload(keccak256(0x0c, 0x34))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Approval} event.
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()) {
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                // If `spender == _PERMIT2 && amount != type(uint256).max`.
                if iszero(or(xor(shr(96, shl(96, spender)), _PERMIT2), iszero(not(amount)))) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x3f68539a) // `Permit2AllowanceIsFixedAtInfinity()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Compute the allowance slot and store the amount.
            mstore(0x20, spender)
            mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, caller())
            sstore(keccak256(0x0c, 0x34), amount)
            // Emit the {Approval} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, caller(), shr(96, mload(0x2c)))
        }
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Transfer `amount` tokens from the caller to `to`.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - `from` must at least have `amount`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _beforeTokenTransfer(msg.sender, to, amount);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, caller())
            let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
            // Revert if insufficient balance.
            if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            // Subtract and store the updated balance.
            sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
            // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
            mstore(0x00, to)
            let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
            // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
            // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
            sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x20, amount)
            log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, caller(), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
        }
        _afterTokenTransfer(msg.sender, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /// @dev Transfers `amount` tokens from `from` to `to`.
    ///
    /// Note: Does not update the allowance if it is the maximum uint256 value.
    ///
    /// Requirements:
    /// - `from` must at least have `amount`.
    /// - The caller must have at least `amount` of allowance to transfer the tokens of `from`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
        // Code duplication is for zero-cost abstraction if possible.
        if (_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()) {
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let from_ := shl(96, from)
                if iszero(eq(caller(), _PERMIT2)) {
                    // Compute the allowance slot and load its value.
                    mstore(0x20, caller())
                    mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                    let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
                    let allowance_ := sload(allowanceSlot)
                    // If the allowance is not the maximum uint256 value.
                    if not(allowance_) {
                        // Revert if the amount to be transferred exceeds the allowance.
                        if gt(amount, allowance_) {
                            mstore(0x00, 0x13be252b) // `InsufficientAllowance()`.
                            revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                        }
                        // Subtract and store the updated allowance.
                        sstore(allowanceSlot, sub(allowance_, amount))
                    }
                }
                // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
                // Revert if insufficient balance.
                if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
                // Subtract and store the updated balance.
                sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
                // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
                mstore(0x00, to)
                let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
                // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
                // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
                sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
                // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                mstore(0x20, amount)
                log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, from_), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
            }
        } else {
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let from_ := shl(96, from)
                // Compute the allowance slot and load its value.
                mstore(0x20, caller())
                mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
                let allowance_ := sload(allowanceSlot)
                // If the allowance is not the maximum uint256 value.
                if not(allowance_) {
                    // Revert if the amount to be transferred exceeds the allowance.
                    if gt(amount, allowance_) {
                        mstore(0x00, 0x13be252b) // `InsufficientAllowance()`.
                        revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                    }
                    // Subtract and store the updated allowance.
                    sstore(allowanceSlot, sub(allowance_, amount))
                }
                // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
                mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED))
                let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
                // Revert if insufficient balance.
                if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
                // Subtract and store the updated balance.
                sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
                // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
                mstore(0x00, to)
                let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
                // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
                // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
                // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
                sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
                // Emit the {Transfer} event.
                mstore(0x20, amount)
                log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, from_), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
            }
        }
        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                          EIP-2612                          */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev For more performance, override to return the constant value
    /// of `keccak256(bytes(name()))` if `name()` will never change.
    function _constantNameHash() internal view virtual returns (bytes32 result) {}

    /// @dev If you need a different value, override this function.
    function _versionHash() internal view virtual returns (bytes32 result) {
        result = _DEFAULT_VERSION_HASH;
    }

    /// @dev For inheriting contracts to increment the nonce.
    function _incrementNonce(address owner) internal virtual {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x0c, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, owner)
            let nonceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            sstore(nonceSlot, add(1, sload(nonceSlot)))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`.
    /// This value is used to compute the signature for EIP-2612 permit.
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256 result) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Compute the nonce slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x0c, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, owner)
            result := sload(keccak256(0x0c, 0x20))
        }
    }

    /// @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the tokens of `owner`,
    /// authorized by a signed approval by `owner`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Approval} event.
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual {
        if (_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()) {
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                // If `spender == _PERMIT2 && value != type(uint256).max`.
                if iszero(or(xor(shr(96, shl(96, spender)), _PERMIT2), iszero(not(value)))) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x3f68539a) // `Permit2AllowanceIsFixedAtInfinity()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
        }
        bytes32 nameHash = _constantNameHash();
        //  We simply calculate it on-the-fly to allow for cases where the `name` may change.
        if (nameHash == bytes32(0)) nameHash = keccak256(bytes(name()));
        bytes32 versionHash = _versionHash();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Revert if the block timestamp is greater than `deadline`.
            if gt(timestamp(), deadline) {
                mstore(0x00, 0x1a15a3cc) // `PermitExpired()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            let m := mload(0x40) // Grab the free memory pointer.
            // Clean the upper 96 bits.
            owner := shr(96, shl(96, owner))
            spender := shr(96, shl(96, spender))
            // Compute the nonce slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x0e, _NONCES_SLOT_SEED_WITH_SIGNATURE_PREFIX)
            mstore(0x00, owner)
            let nonceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            let nonceValue := sload(nonceSlot)
            // Prepare the domain separator.
            mstore(m, _DOMAIN_TYPEHASH)
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), nameHash)
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), versionHash)
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), chainid())
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), address())
            mstore(0x2e, keccak256(m, 0xa0))
            // Prepare the struct hash.
            mstore(m, _PERMIT_TYPEHASH)
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), owner)
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), spender)
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), value)
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), nonceValue)
            mstore(add(m, 0xa0), deadline)
            mstore(0x4e, keccak256(m, 0xc0))
            // Prepare the ecrecover calldata.
            mstore(0x00, keccak256(0x2c, 0x42))
            mstore(0x20, and(0xff, v))
            mstore(0x40, r)
            mstore(0x60, s)
            let t := staticcall(gas(), 1, 0x00, 0x80, 0x20, 0x20)
            // If the ecrecover fails, the returndatasize will be 0x00,
            // `owner` will be checked if it equals the hash at 0x00,
            // which evaluates to false (i.e. 0), and we will revert.
            // If the ecrecover succeeds, the returndatasize will be 0x20,
            // `owner` will be compared against the returned address at 0x20.
            if iszero(eq(mload(returndatasize()), owner)) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xddafbaef) // `InvalidPermit()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            // Increment and store the updated nonce.
            sstore(nonceSlot, add(nonceValue, t)) // `t` is 1 if ecrecover succeeds.
            // Compute the allowance slot and store the value.
            // The `owner` is already at slot 0x20.
            mstore(0x40, or(shl(160, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED), spender))
            sstore(keccak256(0x2c, 0x34), value)
            // Emit the {Approval} event.
            log3(add(m, 0x60), 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, owner, spender)
            mstore(0x40, m) // Restore the free memory pointer.
            mstore(0x60, 0) // Restore the zero pointer.
        }
    }

    /// @dev Returns the EIP-712 domain separator for the EIP-2612 permit.
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() public view virtual returns (bytes32 result) {
        bytes32 nameHash = _constantNameHash();
        //  We simply calculate it on-the-fly to allow for cases where the `name` may change.
        if (nameHash == bytes32(0)) nameHash = keccak256(bytes(name()));
        bytes32 versionHash = _versionHash();
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let m := mload(0x40) // Grab the free memory pointer.
            mstore(m, _DOMAIN_TYPEHASH)
            mstore(add(m, 0x20), nameHash)
            mstore(add(m, 0x40), versionHash)
            mstore(add(m, 0x60), chainid())
            mstore(add(m, 0x80), address())
            result := keccak256(m, 0xa0)
        }
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                  INTERNAL MINT FUNCTIONS                   */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Mints `amount` tokens to `to`, increasing the total supply.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _mint(address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, amount);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let totalSupplyBefore := sload(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT)
            let totalSupplyAfter := add(totalSupplyBefore, amount)
            // Revert if the total supply overflows.
            if lt(totalSupplyAfter, totalSupplyBefore) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xe5cfe957) // `TotalSupplyOverflow()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            // Store the updated total supply.
            sstore(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT, totalSupplyAfter)
            // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, to)
            let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            // Add and store the updated balance.
            sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x20, amount)
            log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
        }
        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), to, amount);
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                  INTERNAL BURN FUNCTIONS                   */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Burns `amount` tokens from `from`, reducing the total supply.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Transfer} event.
    function _burn(address from, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, address(0), amount);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x0c, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, from)
            let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
            // Revert if insufficient balance.
            if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            // Subtract and store the updated balance.
            sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
            // Subtract and store the updated total supply.
            sstore(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT, sub(sload(_TOTAL_SUPPLY_SLOT), amount))
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, shl(96, from)), 0)
        }
        _afterTokenTransfer(from, address(0), amount);
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                INTERNAL TRANSFER FUNCTIONS                 */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let from_ := shl(96, from)
            // Compute the balance slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x0c, or(from_, _BALANCE_SLOT_SEED))
            let fromBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            let fromBalance := sload(fromBalanceSlot)
            // Revert if insufficient balance.
            if gt(amount, fromBalance) {
                mstore(0x00, 0xf4d678b8) // `InsufficientBalance()`.
                revert(0x1c, 0x04)
            }
            // Subtract and store the updated balance.
            sstore(fromBalanceSlot, sub(fromBalance, amount))
            // Compute the balance slot of `to`.
            mstore(0x00, to)
            let toBalanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x20)
            // Add and store the updated balance of `to`.
            // Will not overflow because the sum of all user balances
            // cannot exceed the maximum uint256 value.
            sstore(toBalanceSlot, add(sload(toBalanceSlot), amount))
            // Emit the {Transfer} event.
            mstore(0x20, amount)
            log3(0x20, 0x20, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, from_), shr(96, mload(0x0c)))
        }
        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                INTERNAL ALLOWANCE FUNCTIONS                */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Updates the allowance of `owner` for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()) {
            if (spender == _PERMIT2) return; // Do nothing, as allowance is infinite.
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Compute the allowance slot and load its value.
            mstore(0x20, spender)
            mstore(0x0c, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED)
            mstore(0x00, owner)
            let allowanceSlot := keccak256(0x0c, 0x34)
            let allowance_ := sload(allowanceSlot)
            // If the allowance is not the maximum uint256 value.
            if not(allowance_) {
                // Revert if the amount to be transferred exceeds the allowance.
                if gt(amount, allowance_) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x13be252b) // `InsufficientAllowance()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
                // Subtract and store the updated allowance.
                sstore(allowanceSlot, sub(allowance_, amount))
            }
        }
    }

    /// @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the tokens of `owner`.
    ///
    /// Emits a {Approval} event.
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (_givePermit2InfiniteAllowance()) {
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                // If `spender == _PERMIT2 && amount != type(uint256).max`.
                if iszero(or(xor(shr(96, shl(96, spender)), _PERMIT2), iszero(not(amount)))) {
                    mstore(0x00, 0x3f68539a) // `Permit2AllowanceIsFixedAtInfinity()`.
                    revert(0x1c, 0x04)
                }
            }
        }
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let owner_ := shl(96, owner)
            // Compute the allowance slot and store the amount.
            mstore(0x20, spender)
            mstore(0x0c, or(owner_, _ALLOWANCE_SLOT_SEED))
            sstore(keccak256(0x0c, 0x34), amount)
            // Emit the {Approval} event.
            mstore(0x00, amount)
            log3(0x00, 0x20, _APPROVAL_EVENT_SIGNATURE, shr(96, owner_), shr(96, mload(0x2c)))
        }
    }

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                     HOOKS TO OVERRIDE                      */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens.
    /// This includes minting and burning.
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}

    /// @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens.
    /// This includes minting and burning.
    function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {}

    /*´:°•.°+.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°•.*•´.*:˚.°*.˚•´.°:°•.°+.*•´.*:*/
    /*                          PERMIT2                           */
    /*.•°:°.´+˚.*°.˚:*.´•*.+°.•°:´*.´•*.•°.•°:°.´:•˚°.*°.˚:*.´+°.•*/

    /// @dev Returns whether to fix the Permit2 contract's allowance at infinity.
    ///
    /// This value should be kept constant after contract initialization,
    /// or else the actual allowance values may not match with the {Approval} events.
    /// For best performance, return a compile-time constant for zero-cost abstraction.
    function _givePermit2InfiniteAllowance() internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {UERC20Metadata, UERC20MetadataLibrary} from "../libraries/UERC20MetadataLibrary.sol";
import {IUERC20Factory} from "../interfaces/IUERC20Factory.sol";
import {ERC20} from "@solady/src/tokens/ERC20.sol";
import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC165} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC165.sol";
import {IERC20Permit} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";

/// @title BaseUERC20
/// @notice ERC20 token contract
/// @dev Uses solady for default permit2 approval
/// @dev Implementing contract should initialise global variables and mint any initial supply
abstract contract BaseUERC20 is ERC20, IERC165 {
    using UERC20MetadataLibrary for UERC20Metadata;

    /// @dev Cached hash of the token name for gas-efficient EIP-712 operations.
    /// This immutable value is computed once during construction and used by the
    /// underlying ERC20 implementation for permit functionality.
    bytes32 internal immutable _nameHash;

    // Core parameters that define token identity
    bytes32 public immutable graffiti;
    address public immutable creator;
    uint8 internal immutable _decimals;
    string internal _name;
    string internal _symbol;
    // Metadata that may have extended information
    UERC20Metadata public metadata;

    /// @notice Returns the URI of the token metadata.
    function tokenURI() external view returns (string memory) {
        return metadata.toJSON();
    }

    /// @notice Returns the name of the token.
    function name() public view override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /// @notice Returns the symbol of the token.
    function symbol() public view override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /// @notice Returns the decimals places of the token.
    function decimals() public view override returns (uint8) {
        return _decimals;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC165
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 _interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId || _interfaceId == type(IERC20).interfaceId
            || _interfaceId == type(IERC20Permit).interfaceId;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc ERC20
    function _constantNameHash() internal view override returns (bytes32) {
        return _nameHash;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 standard as defined in the ERC.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import { IERC165 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC165.sol";

/// @title IERC7802
/// @notice Defines the interface for crosschain ERC20 transfers.
interface IERC7802 is IERC165 {
    /// @notice Emitted when a crosschain transfer mints tokens.
    /// @param to       Address of the account tokens are being minted for.
    /// @param amount   Amount of tokens minted.
    /// @param sender   Address of the account that finilized the crosschain transfer.
    event CrosschainMint(address indexed to, uint256 amount, address indexed sender);

    /// @notice Emitted when a crosschain transfer burns tokens.
    /// @param from     Address of the account tokens are being burned from.
    /// @param amount   Amount of tokens burned.
    /// @param sender   Address of the account that initiated the crosschain transfer.
    event CrosschainBurn(address indexed from, uint256 amount, address indexed sender);

    /// @notice Mint tokens through a crosschain transfer.
    /// @param _to     Address to mint tokens to.
    /// @param _amount Amount of tokens to mint.
    function crosschainMint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external;

    /// @notice Burn tokens through a crosschain transfer.
    /// @param _from   Address to burn tokens from.
    /// @param _amount Amount of tokens to burn.
    function crosschainBurn(address _from, uint256 _amount) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @title Predeploys
/// @notice Contains constant addresses for protocol contracts that are pre-deployed to the L2 system.
//          This excludes the preinstalls (non-protocol contracts).
library Predeploys {
    /// @notice Number of predeploy-namespace addresses reserved for protocol usage.
    uint256 internal constant PREDEPLOY_COUNT = 2048;

    /// @custom:legacy
    /// @notice Address of the LegacyMessagePasser predeploy. Deprecate. Use the updated
    ///         L2ToL1MessagePasser contract instead.
    address internal constant LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000;

    /// @custom:legacy
    /// @notice Address of the L1MessageSender predeploy. Deprecated. Use L2CrossDomainMessenger
    ///         or access tx.origin (or msg.sender) in a L1 to L2 transaction instead.
    ///         Not embedded into new OP-Stack chains.
    address internal constant L1_MESSAGE_SENDER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000001;

    /// @custom:legacy
    /// @notice Address of the DeployerWhitelist predeploy. No longer active.
    address internal constant DEPLOYER_WHITELIST = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000002;

    /// @notice Address of the canonical WETH contract.
    address internal constant WETH = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006;

    /// @notice Address of the L2CrossDomainMessenger predeploy.
    address internal constant L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000007;

    /// @notice Address of the GasPriceOracle predeploy. Includes fee information
    ///         and helpers for computing the L1 portion of the transaction fee.
    address internal constant GAS_PRICE_ORACLE = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F;

    /// @notice Address of the L2StandardBridge predeploy.
    address internal constant L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000010;

    //// @notice Address of the SequencerFeeWallet predeploy.
    address internal constant SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000011;

    /// @notice Address of the OptimismMintableERC20Factory predeploy.
    address internal constant OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000012;

    /// @custom:legacy
    /// @notice Address of the L1BlockNumber predeploy. Deprecated. Use the L1Block predeploy
    ///         instead, which exposes more information about the L1 state.
    address internal constant L1_BLOCK_NUMBER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000013;

    /// @notice Address of the L2ERC721Bridge predeploy.
    address internal constant L2_ERC721_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000014;

    /// @notice Address of the L1Block predeploy.
    address internal constant L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000015;

    /// @notice Address of the L2ToL1MessagePasser predeploy.
    address internal constant L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000016;

    /// @notice Address of the OptimismMintableERC721Factory predeploy.
    address internal constant OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000017;

    /// @notice Address of the ProxyAdmin predeploy.
    address internal constant PROXY_ADMIN = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000018;

    /// @notice Address of the BaseFeeVault predeploy.
    address internal constant BASE_FEE_VAULT = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000019;

    /// @notice Address of the L1FeeVault predeploy.
    address internal constant L1_FEE_VAULT = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000001A;

    /// @notice Address of the OperatorFeeVault predeploy.
    address internal constant OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000001b;

    /// @notice Address of the SchemaRegistry predeploy.
    address internal constant SCHEMA_REGISTRY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000020;

    /// @notice Address of the EAS predeploy.
    address internal constant EAS = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000021;

    /// @notice Address of the GovernanceToken predeploy.
    address internal constant GOVERNANCE_TOKEN = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000042;

    /// @custom:legacy
    /// @notice Address of the LegacyERC20ETH predeploy. Deprecated. Balances are migrated to the
    ///         state trie as of the Bedrock upgrade. Contract has been locked and write functions
    ///         can no longer be accessed.
    address internal constant LEGACY_ERC20_ETH = 0xDeadDeAddeAddEAddeadDEaDDEAdDeaDDeAD0000;

    /// @notice Address of the CrossL2Inbox predeploy.
    address internal constant CROSS_L2_INBOX = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000022;

    /// @notice Address of the L2ToL2CrossDomainMessenger predeploy.
    address internal constant L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000023;

    /// @notice Address of the SuperchainETHBridge predeploy.
    address internal constant SUPERCHAIN_ETH_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000024;

    /// @notice Address of the ETHLiquidity predeploy.
    address internal constant ETH_LIQUIDITY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000025;

    /// @notice Address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20Factory predeploy.
    address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000026;

    /// @notice Address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20Beacon predeploy.
    address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_BEACON = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000027;

    // TODO: Precalculate the address of the implementation contract
    /// @notice Arbitrary address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20 implementation contract.
    address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20 = 0xB9415c6cA93bdC545D4c5177512FCC22EFa38F28;

    /// @notice Address of the SuperchainTokenBridge predeploy.
    address internal constant SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000028;

    /// @notice Returns the name of the predeploy at the given address.
    function getName(address _addr) internal pure returns (string memory out_) {
        require(isPredeployNamespace(_addr), "Predeploys: address must be a predeploy");
        if (_addr == LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER) return "LegacyMessagePasser";
        if (_addr == L1_MESSAGE_SENDER) return "L1MessageSender";
        if (_addr == DEPLOYER_WHITELIST) return "DeployerWhitelist";
        if (_addr == WETH) return "WETH";
        if (_addr == L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) return "L2CrossDomainMessenger";
        if (_addr == GAS_PRICE_ORACLE) return "GasPriceOracle";
        if (_addr == L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE) return "L2StandardBridge";
        if (_addr == SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET) return "SequencerFeeVault";
        if (_addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY) return "OptimismMintableERC20Factory";
        if (_addr == L1_BLOCK_NUMBER) return "L1BlockNumber";
        if (_addr == L2_ERC721_BRIDGE) return "L2ERC721Bridge";
        if (_addr == L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES) return "L1Block";
        if (_addr == L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER) return "L2ToL1MessagePasser";
        if (_addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY) return "OptimismMintableERC721Factory";
        if (_addr == PROXY_ADMIN) return "ProxyAdmin";
        if (_addr == BASE_FEE_VAULT) return "BaseFeeVault";
        if (_addr == L1_FEE_VAULT) return "L1FeeVault";
        if (_addr == OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT) return "OperatorFeeVault";
        if (_addr == SCHEMA_REGISTRY) return "SchemaRegistry";
        if (_addr == EAS) return "EAS";
        if (_addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN) return "GovernanceToken";
        if (_addr == LEGACY_ERC20_ETH) return "LegacyERC20ETH";
        if (_addr == CROSS_L2_INBOX) return "CrossL2Inbox";
        if (_addr == L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) return "L2ToL2CrossDomainMessenger";
        if (_addr == SUPERCHAIN_ETH_BRIDGE) return "SuperchainETHBridge";
        if (_addr == ETH_LIQUIDITY) return "ETHLiquidity";
        if (_addr == OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_FACTORY) return "OptimismSuperchainERC20Factory";
        if (_addr == OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_BEACON) return "OptimismSuperchainERC20Beacon";
        if (_addr == SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE) return "SuperchainTokenBridge";
        revert("Predeploys: unnamed predeploy");
    }

    /// @notice Returns true if the predeploy is not proxied.
    function notProxied(address _addr) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN || _addr == WETH;
    }

    /// @notice Returns true if the address is a defined predeploy that is embedded into new OP-Stack chains.
    function isSupportedPredeploy(address _addr, bool _useInterop) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return _addr == LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER || _addr == DEPLOYER_WHITELIST || _addr == WETH
            || _addr == L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER || _addr == GAS_PRICE_ORACLE || _addr == L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE
            || _addr == SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET || _addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY || _addr == L1_BLOCK_NUMBER
            || _addr == L2_ERC721_BRIDGE || _addr == L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES || _addr == L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER
            || _addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY || _addr == PROXY_ADMIN || _addr == BASE_FEE_VAULT
            || _addr == L1_FEE_VAULT || _addr == OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT || _addr == SCHEMA_REGISTRY || _addr == EAS
            || _addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN || (_useInterop && _addr == CROSS_L2_INBOX)
            || (_useInterop && _addr == L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER);
    }

    function isPredeployNamespace(address _addr) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint160(_addr) >> 11 == uint160(0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000) >> 11;
    }

    /// @notice Function to compute the expected address of the predeploy implementation
    ///         in the genesis state.
    function predeployToCodeNamespace(address _addr) internal pure returns (address) {
        require(
            isPredeployNamespace(_addr), "Predeploys: can only derive code-namespace address for predeploy addresses"
        );
        return address(
            uint160(uint256(uint160(_addr)) & 0xffff | uint256(uint160(0xc0D3C0d3C0d3C0D3c0d3C0d3c0D3C0d3c0d30000)))
        );
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[ERC-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC-20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Base64.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides a set of functions to operate with Base64 strings.
 */
library Base64 {
    /**
     * @dev Base64 Encoding/Decoding Table
     * See sections 4 and 5 of https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4648
     */
    string internal constant _TABLE = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
    string internal constant _TABLE_URL = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `bytes` to its Bytes64 `string` representation.
     */
    function encode(bytes memory data) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return _encode(data, _TABLE, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `bytes` to its Bytes64Url `string` representation.
     * Output is not padded with `=` as specified in https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4648[rfc4648].
     */
    function encodeURL(bytes memory data) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return _encode(data, _TABLE_URL, false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal table-agnostic conversion
     */
    function _encode(bytes memory data, string memory table, bool withPadding) private pure returns (string memory) {
        /**
         * Inspired by Brecht Devos (Brechtpd) implementation - MIT licence
         * https://github.com/Brechtpd/base64/blob/e78d9fd951e7b0977ddca77d92dc85183770daf4/base64.sol
         */
        if (data.length == 0) return "";

        // If padding is enabled, the final length should be `bytes` data length divided by 3 rounded up and then
        // multiplied by 4 so that it leaves room for padding the last chunk
        // - `data.length + 2`  -> Prepare for division rounding up
        // - `/ 3`              -> Number of 3-bytes chunks (rounded up)
        // - `4 *`              -> 4 characters for each chunk
        // This is equivalent to: 4 * Math.ceil(data.length / 3)
        //
        // If padding is disabled, the final length should be `bytes` data length multiplied by 4/3 rounded up as
        // opposed to when padding is required to fill the last chunk.
        // - `4 * data.length`  -> 4 characters for each chunk
        // - ` + 2`             -> Prepare for division rounding up
        // - `/ 3`              -> Number of 3-bytes chunks (rounded up)
        // This is equivalent to: Math.ceil((4 * data.length) / 3)
        uint256 resultLength = withPadding ? 4 * ((data.length + 2) / 3) : (4 * data.length + 2) / 3;

        string memory result = new string(resultLength);

        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            // Prepare the lookup table (skip the first "length" byte)
            let tablePtr := add(table, 1)

            // Prepare result pointer, jump over length
            let resultPtr := add(result, 0x20)
            let dataPtr := data
            let endPtr := add(data, mload(data))

            // In some cases, the last iteration will read bytes after the end of the data. We cache the value, and
            // set it to zero to make sure no dirty bytes are read in that section.
            let afterPtr := add(endPtr, 0x20)
            let afterCache := mload(afterPtr)
            mstore(afterPtr, 0x00)

            // Run over the input, 3 bytes at a time
            for {

            } lt(dataPtr, endPtr) {

            } {
                // Advance 3 bytes
                dataPtr := add(dataPtr, 3)
                let input := mload(dataPtr)

                // To write each character, shift the 3 byte (24 bits) chunk
                // 4 times in blocks of 6 bits for each character (18, 12, 6, 0)
                // and apply logical AND with 0x3F to bitmask the least significant 6 bits.
                // Use this as an index into the lookup table, mload an entire word
                // so the desired character is in the least significant byte, and
                // mstore8 this least significant byte into the result and continue.

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(18, input), 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(12, input), 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(6, input), 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(input, 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance
            }

            // Reset the value that was cached
            mstore(afterPtr, afterCache)

            if withPadding {
                // When data `bytes` is not exactly 3 bytes long
                // it is padded with `=` characters at the end
                switch mod(mload(data), 3)
                case 1 {
                    mstore8(sub(resultPtr, 1), 0x3d)
                    mstore8(sub(resultPtr, 2), 0x3d)
                }
                case 2 {
                    mstore8(sub(resultPtr, 1), 0x3d)
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./math/SafeCast.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    using SafeCast for *;

    bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;
    uint256 private constant SPECIAL_CHARS_LOOKUP =
        (1 << 0x08) | // backspace
            (1 << 0x09) | // tab
            (1 << 0x0a) | // newline
            (1 << 0x0c) | // form feed
            (1 << 0x0d) | // carriage return
            (1 << 0x22) | // double quote
            (1 << 0x5c); // backslash

    /**
     * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
     */
    error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev The string being parsed contains characters that are not in scope of the given base.
     */
    error StringsInvalidChar();

    /**
     * @dev The string being parsed is not a properly formatted address.
     */
    error StringsInvalidAddressFormat();

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                assembly ("memory-safe") {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 localValue = value;
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
            localValue >>= 4;
        }
        if (localValue != 0) {
            revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation, according to EIP-55.
     */
    function toChecksumHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(toHexString(addr));

        // hash the hex part of buffer (skip length + 2 bytes, length 40)
        uint256 hashValue;
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            hashValue := shr(96, keccak256(add(buffer, 0x22), 40))
        }

        for (uint256 i = 41; i > 1; --i) {
            // possible values for buffer[i] are 48 (0) to 57 (9) and 97 (a) to 102 (f)
            if (hashValue & 0xf > 7 && uint8(buffer[i]) > 96) {
                // case shift by xoring with 0x20
                buffer[i] ^= 0x20;
            }
            hashValue >>= 4;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit into an `uint256` type
     */
    function parseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return parseUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit into an `uint256` type
     */
    function parseUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseUint(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid
     * character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseUint(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
        return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implementation of {tryParseUint-string-uint256-uint256} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
     * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
     */
    function _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);

        uint256 result = 0;
        for (uint256 i = begin; i < end; ++i) {
            uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));
            if (chr > 9) return (false, 0);
            result *= 10;
            result += chr;
        }
        return (true, result);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `int256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `int256` type.
     */
    function parseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return parseInt(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `int256` type.
     */
    function parseInt(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (int256) {
        (bool success, int256 value) = tryParseInt(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character or if
     * the result does not fit in a `int256`.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
        return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    uint256 private constant ABS_MIN_INT256 = 2 ** 255;

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseInt-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid
     * character or if the result does not fit in a `int256`.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseInt(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
        return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implementation of {tryParseInt-string-uint256-uint256} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
     * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
     */
    function _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) private pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);

        // Check presence of a negative sign.
        bytes1 sign = begin == end ? bytes1(0) : bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
        bool positiveSign = sign == bytes1("+");
        bool negativeSign = sign == bytes1("-");
        uint256 offset = (positiveSign || negativeSign).toUint();

        (bool absSuccess, uint256 absValue) = tryParseUint(input, begin + offset, end);

        if (absSuccess && absValue < ABS_MIN_INT256) {
            return (true, negativeSign ? -int256(absValue) : int256(absValue));
        } else if (absSuccess && negativeSign && absValue == ABS_MIN_INT256) {
            return (true, type(int256).min);
        } else return (false, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without "0x" prefix), and returns the value as a `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.
     */
    function parseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return parseHexUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`
     * - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.
     */
    function parseHexUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseHexUint(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an
     * invalid character.
     *
     * NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
     */
    function tryParseHexUint(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
        return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implementation of {tryParseHexUint-string-uint256-uint256} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
     * `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
     */
    function _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);

        // skip 0x prefix if present
        bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)) == bytes2("0x"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
        uint256 offset = hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;

        uint256 result = 0;
        for (uint256 i = begin + offset; i < end; ++i) {
            uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));
            if (chr > 15) return (false, 0);
            result *= 16;
            unchecked {
                // Multiplying by 16 is equivalent to a shift of 4 bits (with additional overflow check).
                // This guarantees that adding a value < 16 will not cause an overflow, hence the unchecked.
                result += chr;
            }
        }
        return (true, result);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without "0x" prefix), and returns the value as an `address`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`
     */
    function parseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (address) {
        return parseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
     * `end` (excluded).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`
     */
    function parseAddress(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (address) {
        (bool success, address value) = tryParseAddress(input, begin, end);
        if (!success) revert StringsInvalidAddressFormat();
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because the input is not a properly
     * formatted address. See {parseAddress-string} requirements.
     */
    function tryParseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {
        return tryParseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because input is not a properly
     * formatted address. See {parseAddress-string-uint256-uint256} requirements.
     */
    function tryParseAddress(
        string memory input,
        uint256 begin,
        uint256 end
    ) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {
        if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, address(0));

        bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes(input), begin)) == bytes2("0x"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
        uint256 expectedLength = 40 + hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;

        // check that input is the correct length
        if (end - begin == expectedLength) {
            // length guarantees that this does not overflow, and value is at most type(uint160).max
            (bool s, uint256 v) = _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
            return (s, address(uint160(v)));
        } else {
            return (false, address(0));
        }
    }

    function _tryParseChr(bytes1 chr) private pure returns (uint8) {
        uint8 value = uint8(chr);

        // Try to parse `chr`:
        // - Case 1: [0-9]
        // - Case 2: [a-f]
        // - Case 3: [A-F]
        // - otherwise not supported
        unchecked {
            if (value > 47 && value < 58) value -= 48;
            else if (value > 96 && value < 103) value -= 87;
            else if (value > 64 && value < 71) value -= 55;
            else return type(uint8).max;
        }

        return value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Escape special characters in JSON strings. This can be useful to prevent JSON injection in NFT metadata.
     *
     * WARNING: This function should only be used in double quoted JSON strings. Single quotes are not escaped.
     *
     * NOTE: This function escapes all unicode characters, and not just the ones in ranges defined in section 2.5 of
     * RFC-4627 (U+0000 to U+001F, U+0022 and U+005C). ECMAScript's `JSON.parse` does recover escaped unicode
     * characters that are not in this range, but other tooling may provide different results.
     */
    function escapeJSON(string memory input) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
        bytes memory output = new bytes(2 * buffer.length); // worst case scenario
        uint256 outputLength = 0;

        for (uint256 i; i < buffer.length; ++i) {
            bytes1 char = bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i));
            if (((SPECIAL_CHARS_LOOKUP & (1 << uint8(char))) != 0)) {
                output[outputLength++] = "\\";
                if (char == 0x08) output[outputLength++] = "b";
                else if (char == 0x09) output[outputLength++] = "t";
                else if (char == 0x0a) output[outputLength++] = "n";
                else if (char == 0x0c) output[outputLength++] = "f";
                else if (char == 0x0d) output[outputLength++] = "r";
                else if (char == 0x5c) output[outputLength++] = "\\";
                else if (char == 0x22) {
                    // solhint-disable-next-line quotes
                    output[outputLength++] = '"';
                }
            } else {
                output[outputLength++] = char;
            }
        }
        // write the actual length and deallocate unused memory
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            mstore(output, outputLength)
            mstore(0x40, add(output, shl(5, shr(5, add(outputLength, 63)))))
        }

        return string(output);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reads a bytes32 from a bytes array without bounds checking.
     *
     * NOTE: making this function internal would mean it could be used with memory unsafe offset, and marking the
     * assembly block as such would prevent some optimizations.
     */
    function _unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes memory buffer, uint256 offset) private pure returns (bytes32 value) {
        // This is not memory safe in the general case, but all calls to this private function are within bounds.
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            value := mload(add(buffer, add(0x20, offset)))
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Errors.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Collection of common custom errors used in multiple contracts
 *
 * IMPORTANT: Backwards compatibility is not guaranteed in future versions of the library.
 * It is recommended to avoid relying on the error API for critical functionality.
 *
 * _Available since v5.1._
 */
library Errors {
    /**
     * @dev The ETH balance of the account is not enough to perform the operation.
     */
    error InsufficientBalance(uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev A call to an address target failed. The target may have reverted.
     */
    error FailedCall();

    /**
     * @dev The deployment failed.
     */
    error FailedDeployment();

    /**
     * @dev A necessary precompile is missing.
     */
    error MissingPrecompile(address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {UERC20Metadata} from "../libraries/UERC20MetadataLibrary.sol";
import {ITokenFactory} from "./ITokenFactory.sol";

/// @title IUERC20Factory
/// @notice Interface for the IUERC20Factory contract
interface IUERC20Factory is ITokenFactory {
    /// @notice Parameters struct to be used by the UERC20 during construction
    struct Parameters {
        uint256 totalSupply;
        bytes32 graffiti;
        address recipient;
        address creator;
        uint8 decimals;
        string name;
        string symbol;
        UERC20Metadata metadata;
    }

    /// @notice Computes the deterministic address for a token based on its core parameters
    /// @param name The name of the token
    /// @param symbol The symbol of the token
    /// @param decimals The number of decimals the token uses
    /// @param creator The creator of the token
    /// @param graffiti Additional data needed to compute the salt
    /// @return The deterministic address of the token
    function getUERC20Address(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        uint8 decimals,
        address creator,
        bytes32 graffiti
    ) external view returns (address);

    /// @notice Gets the parameters for token initialization
    /// @return The parameters structure with all token initialization data
    function getParameters() external view returns (Parameters memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Panic} from "../Panic.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the 512-bit addition of two uint256.
     *
     * The result is stored in two 256 variables such that sum = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.
     */
    function add512(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 high, uint256 low) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            low := add(a, b)
            high := lt(low, a)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the 512-bit multiplication of two uint256.
     *
     * The result is stored in two 256 variables such that product = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.
     */
    function mul512(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 high, uint256 low) {
        // 512-bit multiply [high low] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2²⁵⁶ and mod 2²⁵⁶ - 1, then use
        // the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
        // variables such that product = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let mm := mulmod(a, b, not(0))
            low := mul(a, b)
            high := sub(sub(mm, low), lt(mm, low))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            success = c >= a;
            result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a - b;
            success = c <= a;
            result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a * b;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                // Only true when the multiplication doesn't overflow
                // (c / a == b) || (a == 0)
                success := or(eq(div(c, a), b), iszero(a))
            }
            // equivalent to: success ? c : 0
            result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            success = b > 0;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                // The `DIV` opcode returns zero when the denominator is 0.
                result := div(a, b)
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            success = b > 0;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                // The `MOD` opcode returns zero when the denominator is 0.
                result := mod(a, b)
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Unsigned saturating addition, bounds to `2²⁵⁶ - 1` instead of overflowing.
     */
    function saturatingAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 result) = tryAdd(a, b);
        return ternary(success, result, type(uint256).max);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Unsigned saturating subtraction, bounds to zero instead of overflowing.
     */
    function saturatingSub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (, uint256 result) = trySub(a, b);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Unsigned saturating multiplication, bounds to `2²⁵⁶ - 1` instead of overflowing.
     */
    function saturatingMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 result) = tryMul(a, b);
        return ternary(success, result, type(uint256).max);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
     * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
     * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
     */
    function ternary(bool condition, uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // branchless ternary works because:
            // b ^ (a ^ b) == a
            // b ^ 0 == b
            return b ^ ((a ^ b) * SafeCast.toUint(condition));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return ternary(a > b, a, b);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return ternary(a < b, a, b);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
        }

        // The following calculation ensures accurate ceiling division without overflow.
        // Since a is non-zero, (a - 1) / b will not overflow.
        // The largest possible result occurs when (a - 1) / b is type(uint256).max,
        // but the largest value we can obtain is type(uint256).max - 1, which happens
        // when a = type(uint256).max and b = 1.
        unchecked {
            return SafeCast.toUint(a > 0) * ((a - 1) / b + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     *
     * Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            (uint256 high, uint256 low) = mul512(x, y);

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (high == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return low / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2²⁵⁶. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= high) {
                Panic.panic(ternary(denominator == 0, Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO, Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW));
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [high low].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                high := sub(high, gt(remainder, low))
                low := sub(low, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly ("memory-safe") {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [high low] by twos.
                low := div(low, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2²⁵⁶ / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from high into low.
            low |= high * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2²⁵⁶. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2²⁵⁶ such
            // that denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2²⁵⁶. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2⁴.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁸
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹⁶
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2³²
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁶⁴
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹²⁸
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2²⁵⁶

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2²⁵⁶. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2²⁵⁶, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and high
            // is no longer required.
            result = low * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulDiv(x, y, denominator) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates floor(x * y >> n) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256.
     */
    function mulShr(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint8 n) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            (uint256 high, uint256 low) = mul512(x, y);
            if (high >= 1 << n) {
                Panic.panic(Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW);
            }
            return (high << (256 - n)) | (low >> n);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates x * y >> n with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulShr(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint8 n, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mulShr(x, y, n) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, 1 << n) > 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculate the modular multiplicative inverse of a number in Z/nZ.
     *
     * If n is a prime, then Z/nZ is a field. In that case all elements are inversible, except 0.
     * If n is not a prime, then Z/nZ is not a field, and some elements might not be inversible.
     *
     * If the input value is not inversible, 0 is returned.
     *
     * NOTE: If you know for sure that n is (big) a prime, it may be cheaper to use Fermat's little theorem and get the
     * inverse using `Math.modExp(a, n - 2, n)`. See {invModPrime}.
     */
    function invMod(uint256 a, uint256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (n == 0) return 0;

            // The inverse modulo is calculated using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm (iterative version)
            // Used to compute integers x and y such that: ax + ny = gcd(a, n).
            // When the gcd is 1, then the inverse of a modulo n exists and it's x.
            // ax + ny = 1
            // ax = 1 + (-y)n
            // ax ≡ 1 (mod n) # x is the inverse of a modulo n

            // If the remainder is 0 the gcd is n right away.
            uint256 remainder = a % n;
            uint256 gcd = n;

            // Therefore the initial coefficients are:
            // ax + ny = gcd(a, n) = n
            // 0a + 1n = n
            int256 x = 0;
            int256 y = 1;

            while (remainder != 0) {
                uint256 quotient = gcd / remainder;

                (gcd, remainder) = (
                    // The old remainder is the next gcd to try.
                    remainder,
                    // Compute the next remainder.
                    // Can't overflow given that (a % gcd) * (gcd // (a % gcd)) <= gcd
                    // where gcd is at most n (capped to type(uint256).max)
                    gcd - remainder * quotient
                );

                (x, y) = (
                    // Increment the coefficient of a.
                    y,
                    // Decrement the coefficient of n.
                    // Can overflow, but the result is casted to uint256 so that the
                    // next value of y is "wrapped around" to a value between 0 and n - 1.
                    x - y * int256(quotient)
                );
            }

            if (gcd != 1) return 0; // No inverse exists.
            return ternary(x < 0, n - uint256(-x), uint256(x)); // Wrap the result if it's negative.
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {invMod}. More efficient, but only works if `p` is known to be a prime greater than `2`.
     *
     * From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%27s_little_theorem[Fermat's little theorem], we know that if p is
     * prime, then `a**(p-1) ≡ 1 mod p`. As a consequence, we have `a * a**(p-2) ≡ 1 mod p`, which means that
     * `a**(p-2)` is the modular multiplicative inverse of a in Fp.
     *
     * NOTE: this function does NOT check that `p` is a prime greater than `2`.
     */
    function invModPrime(uint256 a, uint256 p) internal view returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            return Math.modExp(a, p - 2, p);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m)
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - modulus can't be zero
     * - underlying staticcall to precompile must succeed
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the underlying call succeeds. When using this function, make
     * sure the chain you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation
     * at address 0x05 as specified in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise,
     * the underlying function will succeed given the lack of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly
     * interpreted as 0.
     */
    function modExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (uint256) {
        (bool success, uint256 result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);
        if (!success) {
            Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m).
     * It includes a success flag indicating if the operation succeeded. Operation will be marked as failed if trying
     * to operate modulo 0 or if the underlying precompile reverted.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the success flag is true. When using this function, make sure the chain
     * you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation at address 0x05 as specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise, the underlying function will succeed given the lack
     * of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly interpreted as 0.
     */
    function tryModExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
        if (m == 0) return (false, 0);
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            // | Offset    | Content    | Content (Hex)                                                      |
            // |-----------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // | 0x00:0x1f | size of b  | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
            // | 0x20:0x3f | size of e  | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
            // | 0x40:0x5f | size of m  | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
            // | 0x60:0x7f | value of b | 0x<.............................................................b> |
            // | 0x80:0x9f | value of e | 0x<.............................................................e> |
            // | 0xa0:0xbf | value of m | 0x<.............................................................m> |
            mstore(ptr, 0x20)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x20), 0x20)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x40), 0x20)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x60), b)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x80), e)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0xa0), m)

            // Given the result < m, it's guaranteed to fit in 32 bytes,
            // so we can use the memory scratch space located at offset 0.
            success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, ptr, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x20)
            result := mload(0x00)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {modExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.
     */
    function modExp(bytes memory b, bytes memory e, bytes memory m) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);
        if (!success) {
            Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {tryModExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.
     */
    function tryModExp(
        bytes memory b,
        bytes memory e,
        bytes memory m
    ) internal view returns (bool success, bytes memory result) {
        if (_zeroBytes(m)) return (false, new bytes(0));

        uint256 mLen = m.length;

        // Encode call args in result and move the free memory pointer
        result = abi.encodePacked(b.length, e.length, mLen, b, e, m);

        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            let dataPtr := add(result, 0x20)
            // Write result on top of args to avoid allocating extra memory.
            success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, dataPtr, mload(result), dataPtr, mLen)
            // Overwrite the length.
            // result.length > returndatasize() is guaranteed because returndatasize() == m.length
            mstore(result, mLen)
            // Set the memory pointer after the returned data.
            mstore(0x40, add(dataPtr, mLen))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the provided byte array is zero.
     */
    function _zeroBytes(bytes memory byteArray) private pure returns (bool) {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < byteArray.length; ++i) {
            if (byteArray[i] != 0) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * This method is based on Newton's method for computing square roots; the algorithm is restricted to only
     * using integer operations.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Take care of easy edge cases when a == 0 or a == 1
            if (a <= 1) {
                return a;
            }

            // In this function, we use Newton's method to get a root of `f(x) := x² - a`. It involves building a
            // sequence x_n that converges toward sqrt(a). For each iteration x_n, we also define the error between
            // the current value as `ε_n = | x_n - sqrt(a) |`.
            //
            // For our first estimation, we consider `e` the smallest power of 2 which is bigger than the square root
            // of the target. (i.e. `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e`). We know that `e ≤ 128` because `(2¹²⁸)² = 2²⁵⁶` is
            // bigger than any uint256.
            //
            // By noticing that
            // `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e → (2**(e-1))² ≤ a < (2**e)² → 2**(2*e-2) ≤ a < 2**(2*e)`
            // we can deduce that `e - 1` is `log2(a) / 2`. We can thus compute `x_n = 2**(e-1)` using a method similar
            // to the msb function.
            uint256 aa = a;
            uint256 xn = 1;

            if (aa >= (1 << 128)) {
                aa >>= 128;
                xn <<= 64;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 64)) {
                aa >>= 64;
                xn <<= 32;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 32)) {
                aa >>= 32;
                xn <<= 16;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 16)) {
                aa >>= 16;
                xn <<= 8;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 8)) {
                aa >>= 8;
                xn <<= 4;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 4)) {
                aa >>= 4;
                xn <<= 2;
            }
            if (aa >= (1 << 2)) {
                xn <<= 1;
            }

            // We now have x_n such that `x_n = 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e = 2 * x_n`. This implies ε_n ≤ 2**(e-1).
            //
            // We can refine our estimation by noticing that the middle of that interval minimizes the error.
            // If we move x_n to equal 2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2), then we reduce the error to ε_n ≤ 2**(e-2).
            // This is going to be our x_0 (and ε_0)
            xn = (3 * xn) >> 1; // ε_0 := | x_0 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-2)

            // From here, Newton's method give us:
            // x_{n+1} = (x_n + a / x_n) / 2
            //
            // One should note that:
            // x_{n+1}² - a = ((x_n + a / x_n) / 2)² - a
            //              = ((x_n² + a) / (2 * x_n))² - a
            //              = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²) - a
            //              = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a² - 4 * a * x_n²) / (4 * x_n²)
            //              = (x_n⁴ - 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²)
            //              = (x_n² - a)² / (2 * x_n)²
            //              = ((x_n² - a) / (2 * x_n))²
            //              ≥ 0
            // Which proves that for all n ≥ 1, sqrt(a) ≤ x_n
            //
            // This gives us the proof of quadratic convergence of the sequence:
            // ε_{n+1} = | x_{n+1} - sqrt(a) |
            //         = | (x_n + a / x_n) / 2 - sqrt(a) |
            //         = | (x_n² + a - 2*x_n*sqrt(a)) / (2 * x_n) |
            //         = | (x_n - sqrt(a))² / (2 * x_n) |
            //         = | ε_n² / (2 * x_n) |
            //         = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |
            //
            // For the first iteration, we have a special case where x_0 is known:
            // ε_1 = ε_0² / | (2 * x_0) |
            //     ≤ (2**(e-2))² / (2 * (2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2)))
            //     ≤ 2**(2*e-4) / (3 * 2**(e-1))
            //     ≤ 2**(e-3) / 3
            //     ≤ 2**(e-3-log2(3))
            //     ≤ 2**(e-4.5)
            //
            // For the following iterations, we use the fact that, 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) ≤ x_n:
            // ε_{n+1} = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |
            //         ≤ (2**(e-k))² / (2 * 2**(e-1))
            //         ≤ 2**(2*e-2*k) / 2**e
            //         ≤ 2**(e-2*k)
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_1 := | x_1 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-4.5)  -- special case, see above
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_2 := | x_2 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-9)    -- general case with k = 4.5
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_3 := | x_3 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-18)   -- general case with k = 9
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_4 := | x_4 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-36)   -- general case with k = 18
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_5 := | x_5 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-72)   -- general case with k = 36
            xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_6 := | x_6 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-144)  -- general case with k = 72

            // Because e ≤ 128 (as discussed during the first estimation phase), we know have reached a precision
            // ε_6 ≤ 2**(e-144) < 1. Given we're operating on integers, then we can ensure that xn is now either
            // sqrt(a) or sqrt(a) + 1.
            return xn - SafeCast.toUint(xn > a / xn);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 x) internal pure returns (uint256 r) {
        // If value has upper 128 bits set, log2 result is at least 128
        r = SafeCast.toUint(x > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff) << 7;
        // If upper 64 bits of 128-bit half set, add 64 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffffffffffff) << 6;
        // If upper 32 bits of 64-bit half set, add 32 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffff) << 5;
        // If upper 16 bits of 32-bit half set, add 16 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffff) << 4;
        // If upper 8 bits of 16-bit half set, add 8 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xff) << 3;
        // If upper 4 bits of 8-bit half set, add 4 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xf) << 2;

        // Shifts value right by the current result and use it as an index into this lookup table:
        //
        // | x (4 bits) |  index  | table[index] = MSB position |
        // |------------|---------|-----------------------------|
        // |    0000    |    0    |        table[0] = 0         |
        // |    0001    |    1    |        table[1] = 0         |
        // |    0010    |    2    |        table[2] = 1         |
        // |    0011    |    3    |        table[3] = 1         |
        // |    0100    |    4    |        table[4] = 2         |
        // |    0101    |    5    |        table[5] = 2         |
        // |    0110    |    6    |        table[6] = 2         |
        // |    0111    |    7    |        table[7] = 2         |
        // |    1000    |    8    |        table[8] = 3         |
        // |    1001    |    9    |        table[9] = 3         |
        // |    1010    |   10    |        table[10] = 3        |
        // |    1011    |   11    |        table[11] = 3        |
        // |    1100    |   12    |        table[12] = 3        |
        // |    1101    |   13    |        table[13] = 3        |
        // |    1110    |   14    |        table[14] = 3        |
        // |    1111    |   15    |        table[15] = 3        |
        //
        // The lookup table is represented as a 32-byte value with the MSB positions for 0-15 in the last 16 bytes.
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            r := or(r, byte(shr(r, x), 0x0000010102020202030303030303030300000000000000000000000000000000))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 x) internal pure returns (uint256 r) {
        // If value has upper 128 bits set, log2 result is at least 128
        r = SafeCast.toUint(x > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff) << 7;
        // If upper 64 bits of 128-bit half set, add 64 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffffffffffff) << 6;
        // If upper 32 bits of 64-bit half set, add 32 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffffffff) << 5;
        // If upper 16 bits of 32-bit half set, add 16 to result
        r |= SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xffff) << 4;
        // Add 1 if upper 8 bits of 16-bit half set, and divide accumulated result by 8
        return (r >> 3) | SafeCast.toUint((x >> r) > 0xff);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX/bool casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeCast {
    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(uint8 bits, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev An int value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(int256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(uint8 bits, int256 value);

    /**
     * @dev An uint value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        if (value > type(uint248).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(248, value);
        }
        return uint248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        if (value > type(uint240).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(240, value);
        }
        return uint240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        if (value > type(uint232).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(232, value);
        }
        return uint232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        if (value > type(uint224).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(224, value);
        }
        return uint224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        if (value > type(uint216).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(216, value);
        }
        return uint216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        if (value > type(uint208).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(208, value);
        }
        return uint208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        if (value > type(uint200).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(200, value);
        }
        return uint200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        if (value > type(uint192).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(192, value);
        }
        return uint192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        if (value > type(uint184).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(184, value);
        }
        return uint184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        if (value > type(uint176).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(176, value);
        }
        return uint176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        if (value > type(uint168).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(168, value);
        }
        return uint168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        if (value > type(uint160).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(160, value);
        }
        return uint160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        if (value > type(uint152).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(152, value);
        }
        return uint152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        if (value > type(uint144).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(144, value);
        }
        return uint144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        if (value > type(uint136).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(136, value);
        }
        return uint136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        if (value > type(uint128).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(128, value);
        }
        return uint128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        if (value > type(uint120).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(120, value);
        }
        return uint120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        if (value > type(uint112).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(112, value);
        }
        return uint112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        if (value > type(uint104).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(104, value);
        }
        return uint104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        if (value > type(uint96).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(96, value);
        }
        return uint96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        if (value > type(uint88).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(88, value);
        }
        return uint88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        if (value > type(uint80).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(80, value);
        }
        return uint80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        if (value > type(uint72).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(72, value);
        }
        return uint72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        if (value > type(uint64).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(64, value);
        }
        return uint64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        if (value > type(uint56).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(56, value);
        }
        return uint56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        if (value > type(uint48).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(48, value);
        }
        return uint48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        if (value > type(uint40).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(40, value);
        }
        return uint40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        if (value > type(uint32).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(32, value);
        }
        return uint32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        if (value > type(uint24).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(24, value);
        }
        return uint24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        if (value > type(uint16).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(16, value);
        }
        return uint16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        if (value > type(uint8).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(8, value);
        }
        return uint8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (value < 0) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(value);
        }
        return uint256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int248(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(248, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int240(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(240, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int232(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(232, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int224(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(224, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int216(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(216, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int208(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(208, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int200(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(200, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int192(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(192, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int184(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(184, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int176(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(176, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int168(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(168, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int160(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(160, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int152(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(152, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int144(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(144, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int136(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(136, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int128(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(128, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int120(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(120, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int112(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(112, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int104(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(104, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int96(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(96, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int88(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(88, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int80(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(80, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int72(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(72, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int64(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(64, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int56(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(56, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int48(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(48, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int40(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(40, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int32(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(32, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int24(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(24, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int16(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(16, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int8(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(8, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        if (value > uint256(type(int256).max)) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(value);
        }
        return int256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Cast a boolean (false or true) to a uint256 (0 or 1) with no jump.
     */
    function toUint(bool b) internal pure returns (uint256 u) {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            u := iszero(iszero(b))
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
     * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
     * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
     */
    function ternary(bool condition, int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        unchecked {
            // branchless ternary works because:
            // b ^ (a ^ b) == a
            // b ^ 0 == b
            return b ^ ((a ^ b) * int256(SafeCast.toUint(condition)));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return ternary(a > b, a, b);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return ternary(a < b, a, b);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Formula from the "Bit Twiddling Hacks" by Sean Eron Anderson.
            // Since `n` is a signed integer, the generated bytecode will use the SAR opcode to perform the right shift,
            // taking advantage of the most significant (or "sign" bit) in two's complement representation.
            // This opcode adds new most significant bits set to the value of the previous most significant bit. As a result,
            // the mask will either be `bytes32(0)` (if n is positive) or `~bytes32(0)` (if n is negative).
            int256 mask = n >> 255;

            // A `bytes32(0)` mask leaves the input unchanged, while a `~bytes32(0)` mask complements it.
            return uint256((n + mask) ^ mask);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[ERC].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[ERC section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Panic.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Helper library for emitting standardized panic codes.
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract Example {
 *      using Panic for uint256;
 *
 *      // Use any of the declared internal constants
 *      function foo() { Panic.GENERIC.panic(); }
 *
 *      // Alternatively
 *      function foo() { Panic.panic(Panic.GENERIC); }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Follows the list from https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/blob/v0.8.24/libsolutil/ErrorCodes.h[libsolutil].
 *
 * _Available since v5.1._
 */
// slither-disable-next-line unused-state
library Panic {
    /// @dev generic / unspecified error
    uint256 internal constant GENERIC = 0x00;
    /// @dev used by the assert() builtin
    uint256 internal constant ASSERT = 0x01;
    /// @dev arithmetic underflow or overflow
    uint256 internal constant UNDER_OVERFLOW = 0x11;
    /// @dev division or modulo by zero
    uint256 internal constant DIVISION_BY_ZERO = 0x12;
    /// @dev enum conversion error
    uint256 internal constant ENUM_CONVERSION_ERROR = 0x21;
    /// @dev invalid encoding in storage
    uint256 internal constant STORAGE_ENCODING_ERROR = 0x22;
    /// @dev empty array pop
    uint256 internal constant EMPTY_ARRAY_POP = 0x31;
    /// @dev array out of bounds access
    uint256 internal constant ARRAY_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 0x32;
    /// @dev resource error (too large allocation or too large array)
    uint256 internal constant RESOURCE_ERROR = 0x41;
    /// @dev calling invalid internal function
    uint256 internal constant INVALID_INTERNAL_FUNCTION = 0x51;

    /// @dev Reverts with a panic code. Recommended to use with
    /// the internal constants with predefined codes.
    function panic(uint256 code) internal pure {
        assembly ("memory-safe") {
            mstore(0x00, 0x4e487b71)
            mstore(0x20, code)
            revert(0x1c, 0x24)
        }
    }
}

{
  "remappings": [
    "forge-std/=lib/forge-std/src/",
    "src/pkgs/v3-periphery:base64-sol/=lib/base64/",
    "src/pkgs/v3-periphery:@openzeppelin/contracts/=lib/oz-v3.4-solc-0.7/contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/v4-core:solmate/src/=src/pkgs/v4-core/lib/solmate/src/",
    "src/pkgs/v4-periphery:solmate/src/=src/pkgs/v4-periphery/lib/v4-core/lib/solmate/src/",
    "src/pkgs/v4-periphery:@uniswap/v4-core/=src/pkgs/v4-periphery/lib/v4-core/",
    "src/pkgs/v4-periphery/src:openzeppelin-contracts/=src/pkgs/v4-periphery/lib/v4-core/lib/openzeppelin-contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/v4-periphery/src:@openzeppelin/=src/pkgs/v4-periphery/lib/v4-core/lib/openzeppelin-contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/permit2:solmate/=src/pkgs/permit2/lib/solmate/",
    "src/pkgs/universal-router:@uniswap/v3-periphery/=src/pkgs/universal-router/lib/v3-periphery/",
    "src/pkgs/universal-router:@uniswap/v4-periphery/=src/pkgs/universal-router/lib/v4-periphery/",
    "src/pkgs/universal-router:solmate/=src/pkgs/universal-router/lib/solmate/",
    "src/pkgs/universal-router/lib/v4-periphery:@openzeppelin/=src/pkgs/universal-router/lib/v4-periphery/lib/v4-core/lib/openzeppelin-contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/universal-router/lib/v3-periphery:@openzeppelin/=lib/oz-v4.7.0/",
    "src/pkgs/uniswapx:solmate/=src/pkgs/uniswapx/lib/solmate/",
    "src/pkgs/uniswapx:openzeppelin-contracts/=src/pkgs/uniswapx/lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/util-contracts:v2-core/=src/pkgs/v2-core/contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/util-contracts:solmate/=src/pkgs/util-contracts/lib/solmate/src/",
    "src/pkgs/view-quoter-v3:v3-core/=src/pkgs/v3-core/",
    "src/pkgs/view-quoter-v3:v3-periphery/=src/pkgs/v3-periphery/",
    "src/pkgs/swap-router-contracts:@openzeppelin/contracts/=lib/oz-v3.4-solc-0.7/contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/swap-router-contracts:@uniswap/v3-periphery/=src/pkgs/v3-periphery/",
    "permit2/=src/pkgs/permit2/",
    "@uniswap/lib/=lib/solidity-lib/",
    "@uniswap/v2-core/=src/pkgs/v2-core/",
    "@uniswap/v3-core/=src/pkgs/v3-core/",
    "@uniswap/v4-core/=src/pkgs/v4-core/",
    "src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/src:@openzeppelin/=src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/openzeppelin-contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/optimism/packages/contracts-bedrock/lib/openzeppelin-contracts-v5:@openzeppelin/contracts/=src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/optimism/packages/contracts-bedrock/lib/openzeppelin-contracts-v5/contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/optimism/packages/contracts-bedrock/:@openzeppelin/contracts/=src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/optimism/packages/contracts-bedrock/lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/",
    "src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/src:@optimism/=src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/optimism/packages/contracts-bedrock/",
    "src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/src:@solady/=src/pkgs/uerc20-factory/lib/solady/"
  ],
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 50000000
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": false,
    "bytecodeHash": "none",
    "appendCBOR": true
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "evmVersion": "cancun",
  "viaIR": false,
  "libraries": {}
}

[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"creator","type":"address"}],"name":"NotCreator","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"RecipientCannotBeZeroAddress","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"TotalSupplyCannotBeZero","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"tokenAddress","type":"address"}],"name":"TokenCreated","type":"event"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"name","type":"string"},{"internalType":"string","name":"symbol","type":"string"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"decimals","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"totalSupply","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"graffiti","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"createToken","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"tokenAddress","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"getParameters","outputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"totalSupply","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"homeChainId","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"graffiti","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"creator","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"decimals","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"string","name":"name","type":"string"},{"internalType":"string","name":"symbol","type":"string"},{"components":[{"internalType":"string","name":"description","type":"string"},{"internalType":"string","name":"website","type":"string"},{"internalType":"string","name":"image","type":"string"}],"internalType":"struct UERC20Metadata","name":"metadata","type":"tuple"}],"internalType":"struct IUERC20SuperchainFactory.Parameters","name":"","type":"tuple"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"name","type":"string"},{"internalType":"string","name":"symbol","type":"string"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"decimals","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"homeChainId","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"creator","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"graffiti","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"getUERC20SuperchainAddress","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"}]

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